% Binomial Estimation and Testing dna = ['gatctcttcttcgtggttagtattctttgtgttctgctaaagaactctttgcctaccctc'... 'aggtttgcttaggtctacaatctactgtgagttgatttttttaatggacagtgagatgta'... 'ggaattgtttctttcttatggatttccagtcattcagcaccatttattaaaaagagcccc'... 'ctgtgagcccctggtcttggtgccttctgtgttataaatcaggtgttcctgtgtgtctat'... 'gcgtgggcccatatgtatatttctggactctcttttgccccactggtctctttatctatc'... 'caagtgataacccctaccaccatcactccttcagctttataatgtcttgatagtcaatag'... 'agtatatatttcaactttgttcttcaagagtgtcttgataattctcagtcctttgcattt'... 'tcacataaaacttaaaatctgccttccatttgcatacacgcacacacacaaaaagaaaac'... 'tctgctagaaatttgatagggatcactttgaatctctctatcaatttggggagactttgc'... 'aatgctgagtcttccaatccatgaacatgatatatgcttccatttatgcttcaatttttc'... 'ttaataacttttaaagctttcagtgtcaagttcttatacatattttattagataaattac'... 'aggtgtttggttttctactataaatagaatcattttgaaattatcttatttgttgctgat'... 'atatggaaatactgactttgtaaatatgcagtcttactcaatgcacttattagttctggt'... 'tatttatttgtagaataaacaaaatcatatcatttgtaaaaaaacaggggggttgggttt'... 'tgtttgtttgtttgtttgtttgagacagggtctcactctgtcatgcagactggagtggag'... 'tggcacagtcatggctcactgcagccttgacctcttgggctcaagcctcctgagtagctg'... 'cgaccacaggaatacaccatgaccaagccttgcctgatttttttttttttcccagaaaca'... 'gggtttctctatgttggccaggctggtcttgaactcctgtgctcaagcagtcctcccgcc'... 'ctggcctcccaaagtgctgggattacaggcatgagccaccgcacctggtccagttttatt'... 'tattctctttcagttcttactggctttatttcatgtttgcttttactgaactggacagga'... 'ttttgagcataatgctgatgtcataatagtagacattaaaagaaaagcacgtatattctt'... 'accactaaattttatgtttggccaggcatggtggctcatgcctgtaatcccagcactttg'... 'ggaggccgaggcaggtggatcacctgaggtcaggagcttgagaccagcctggccaacatg'... 'gtgaaaccctgtctctactaaaaatacaaaaactagctaggtgtgttagcacatgcctgt'... 'aatctcagctactagggaggctgaggcagcagaattgcttgaacccaggggtcagaggtt'... 'gcagtgacccaagattgcactgctgcacttgaacctgggcaacaaagcgagactctgtct'... 'caaaaataaatttaaaaaaaagttatgtttgctatggagttgtttttgttgcttctgctg'... 'cttcatacatttcctttatcaggttatagaattttccttctatttttctttttatctttt'... 'ttttttttttgagacaaagtcttgctctgttgcccaggctggagcgcagtggagtgatct'... 'cagctcaccataacctctgcctcccaggttcaagcgattctcatgcctcagcctcccaag'... 'tagctgggactacagcatgcgccaccacacccagctaatttttgcatttttagtagacac'... 'agggtttcaccatgttggccagcatggccttgaactcctggcctcaggtgatctgcccgc'... 'ctcgacctcccaaagtgttgggattacaggcgtgagccactgtggctgaccccttctatt'... 'tttatttgccaagagtttttattatgaatagatggcagattttatcaaatgctttttctg'... 'catctgttgaaataatcatgtgactttcctcctttattcagttattgtagtgaattaaaa'... 'ttattttattttcaaatgttacaccaaacttgtattccttgaataaatctaattcagctg'... 'tgatatattagcattttatacaagtatggctaggttctatttgctaatattttgcttaga'... 'acttttgtatctatgacataaacgagactggcttattatttactctgcttataatatcct'... 'tattttggtatcaaggttattcttggcctcataaatcaagttgaaaagcattttctcatc'... 'tctggaaagttttaataagattggcagttttccttaaatgtcagatagaatccactggtg'... 'aagccaaatgggtctggaaatttctttattggaaagtttcaaattaaatattccatttat'... 'ttaacctagaagactattcatattttctatttctttttttgtcatttttgctaagttgtg'... 'tttttctaggaacttgcctgttatacttaggctttcgcatatatctgcatgatcgcttgg'... 'gtttttacagctgtaggctctgtaataatgtcacccaccctttcctgattctgattacct'... 'gcacttctctcttattccttgaacattcttcaacaggggctgggtttcttagattcccag'... 'gaactgtttctccctctctctctctccctctttctccccacttcctctatctgcagggat'... 'ttaactggactctgttcatacaaactgtgctatcctctgtcaaaatcaagctgctgccag'... 'atgaggaagtggtggtctatggcatcccctacctgcagaaccttgaaaacatcatcgaca'... 'cctactcagccaggtgaggcccagggagggtctccaaaggcctcagcatctttgcccctg'... 'ctctcccatcctccccaacacagcttctgctcccaggaggggaccctatgaagcatctgc'... 'cctgaggggtgtgggacatgaggggttaagctttagtggccagtggagtcttacattaaa'... 'aatgtgtcacatcccaagcacccggggcagatgggctggatcttggaggtggttgtcctg'... 'gaggttttctccagcacccataactctctggggtggaacgtgctggccaagggccctaag'... 'ccatatctcctcccttgcaaagacctctcacctgttctcccctcaccctctaccttctgc'... 'ccccaggaccatacagaactacctggtctggcgcctggtgctggaccgcattggtagcct'... 'aagccagagattcaaggacacacgagtgaactaccgcaaggtgagccccttccctgccca'... 'gagcctggccgggcactcattcattcaggccacgatgctgagcataagctgtaggcaaac'... 'accgaggtccacaccagggtcacagccatggacgaggcagggcgaggcgcccaccccagt'... 'ggggagtggaccatgacagtcaacaaggcagaacgtagctctgccaaaaccgcagagtat'... 'gatgtggcggggaggcagggagggacgaggacagggagcactgctccggggaggcgacat'... 'ttgagaccttaaaggcctgaagaggcggcggggtgatttcccgggagcagaaacagccag'... 'tgccagtgcagaggccagaggcaggagcaggcaggggccggacccgtggtcagcagcgga'... 'caggaaggagaagatggcagggagggaggcgaggtgaccacgggccacagcagccggttt'... 'ggattgtactccctgtctgaaagccgcaggggtgctaagagcagagacgcggtcagatat'... 'gctgctcctgtagtcactgtggctgctccagggctggggtgagggtggagacaaggaacc'... 'gcagggaggccctagggggattctggctgttctggggagagtgagttgagtagggggcgg'... 'ggtcagcatggaggccgatgtggtcacccaggtgaggtgacaggcttggccatggtgctg'... 'gcagacacacagacgcaggggaggtgttgaccgcagcagctgagggattgggtatagggg'... 'ctaagggcagaggggagtcgggactctcaagacctttgttagagtaatgggagggacaga'... 'ggtccccactgcaatggggagactgaggcagaggcaagctgggggcaagtcaagcctcct'... 'gttgccatgggggggtaggtcagagacatctgtgagtcaagcgtcaggggggcactgagt'... 'ctaggagctttggggaggaagaaagggctgcctccctttcctaaagggcaggaagtcctg'... 'cagcccagaaggtgtggcaggacgctgggcagagtgctccctgggctttgcctgagtctg'... 'gggcccagagtctcgtgctcctgtgtccctggggacagatgagcaggtgttctcacagct'... 'gcttcaacaatggagagaccagggccctgggagctggtggctgagagggacgtggtccca'... 'ggccttgctctggggtcagcgccagccctgtgccttgagactggggctggagtcctggag'... 'agcagagtccagccagacaaccaggacaggggccggggaggaacccccccaactcctcag'... 'ggtaaaggcccagctctcagtctgcggaagttccccaatcacaataccatgcccatcctt'... 'ccccccgccgcagcagcacccagaggtgaggctgagatcatcccgtgcccccgctagccc'... 'cggggcaccctgaggctgaggataggtgggtctgctcaccccgtaagcccagggccccac'... 'gccaggcctgggaaggctgacgtgggggcccgtgggatgatcgggtggccccaccaggcg'... 'ctgtttggcacaatggtggaggaggtgcgctggcgtgaatgtgtgggctacgtcaacagc'... 'aacatggagaacgccgtgggctccctctacgtcagggaggcgttccctggagacagcaag'... 'agcatggtgggcgcccctcatccatggcccacgcggggccagccttccacagggacaccg'... 'agcctccctgccctgagactcccaccccgcccaggctcaggggcacctgccccagctcac'... 'cagacagagggaggctaagggaagccgtgcccaccccatgcccctgaccccagccggcca'... 'ctgggccccagcctgagccctgcaggtccagctgggaaaggcacaggtggtacaagttgc'... 'ccctggcccacgaggacccacagcccagcagggaggaccctgaagttgggttgtcatctc'... 'atccccccaccggccccacacctcacctgagaggcccacagctgggcagccctgggcctt'... 'gccccggcggggctcagaccagacctccccaaagcccttgaggctggtcattcgccctcc'... 'agatgagtctgggacacgagggccatgcccgattcccaggtcagagaactcattgacaag'... 'gtgcggacagtgtttgtggagacgctggacgagctgggctggatggacgaggagtccaag'... 'aagaaggcgcaggagaaggtatgtggctcgcagaggtcagggcagccccgactggatctg'... 'ggcacgggcagcaccgccccgacaaagcctcctgacggtccccacggggagaaggcagcc'... 'ccgggaggcgcagacaggaccccacggggagaaggcagccccgggaggcgcagacaggac'... 'cccacggggagaaggcagccccgggaggcgcagacaggaccactcgcccactgtggagct'... 'gaggaaaagcaggcaggggcaggaaccaggcctgggacatccccagcaccccccatgagc'... 'cagcgggggtagcggtggcctcgggagcaagggtcagacccaccagaagctcctctggac'... 'ccaagtgacagacggcagccgagtgacccctccagggcccctgcccccacccggacccct'... 'ggcgggctgttgggctctaggtcaggtgggcggagccttccatattctgtccccattaaa'... 'cctccccagagcctgcaaggtgggggccagatcccggagccccccagcccctcaccacag'... 'gacagggagagcacagccaggatgccccgggctgacccctcccacagtgtggcactcact'... 'gaccggcccccgggctgactccatccgcagtggggcacccactgaccagtccctcctccc'... 'cactcaggccatgagcatccgggagcagatcgggcaccctgactacatcctggaggagat'... 'gaacaggcgcctggacgaggagtactccaatgtgcgcccccaaccccagccctaaactgc'... 'cccccacaccgtggacatgggccctgattgcctgggggctcctctgtgccaagctctgtg'... 'ccctcctcccaggcgctaacacagctgtcctcaccgtgccctagggtggtggctccagca'... 'ctaccctcagtgtacagatggggaaactgaggcctggagggacgagggacttgctcagag'... 'tcatgtaaatgcccacagccagggctgccccgttcacctgcacccacagccgactgtcca'... 'cgtgcggacgcctggcaaggcttgaggtccttccccaaccacccaggacctctccccttg'... 'ctcctctgagggcccggccccagcatctggcagtgactgcccctctcccgtagctgaact'... 'tctcagaggacctgtactttgagaacagtctgcagaacctcaaggtgggcgcccagcgga'... 'gcctcaggaagcttcgggaaaaggtggacccaaatctgtgagtggcatcgctggtgcggc'... 'atgggcggggggggccagggagtggccagtaaggcgtgcagggctgcctgccaggcgggg'... 'gactggatgcgtggctggggtccagtgccagctgaggggtgcagtcactgggcctatctt'... 'ggacagagtcccccatcaccctctgctttctggggcccaagtcgcctcctcctcagggac'... 'cccaggaaggaaccagatcttgggataggcctgggcccttgctctggtgtggccagggta'... 'ggccctggtccatcaaggcagagagagcccagagggagggtccccggagaggcggctccc'... 'agagaccggcttgtctatcacagctggatcatcggggcggcggtggtcaatgcgttctac'... 'tccccaaaccgaaaccagattggtaagttcctccccctccctgcctgcccaggccctttg'... 'gtgccagagttgaaggggtggcttgcagccccctgcccatcccttcctcctgggggcacc'... 'ccagcctgttcttggaacattctcctatgtcaccccttgctgcccccgtggggaacactc'... 'actcccgtgcccatgagcggcttcgggagggacttggcaggcggcccagagcctttcctg'... 'caggcagaacaggatggtgggaggaggccggactgaggtcctgggtctgccaggcacgag'... 'cccgcccagcctctgaacctccgtgtcttcatctgtaaattgagggaatcctgacctctg'... 'cctcccggtctgtgggatcaagtgtcagaacccctggcagcgccatccctgagcctggca'... 'cacaggagatgtgtccactcacagcttattctttgtcccgcccttggggacagtattccc'... 'tgccgggatcctccagccccccttcttcagcaaggagcagccacaggccttgaactttgg'... 'aggcattgggatggtgatcgggcacgagatcacgcacggctttgacgacaatggtgagcg'... 'gccgcccctccaatcacacacgccctcccctctccgcggagaagcagccaggaaggggcc'... 'tgggggcgctccattcaaccccttcacggtttcagtggggacaccgaggccaggtcctca'... 'gggagctgtgggggcagagcaggctttgaatgccaggctggggccctgtctgggggcact'... 'gactcccagcatggaggaggggacccagggactccagcccatgaccctgactccacctgg'... 'cactgggcacttccctcccacggcctgtgacatggggacgacaacactgcccaatacagc'... 'agcgaagcccagatcccagcctgggagactctccagacggccagcatcctccaccggggg'... 'gtgtgctacccccgccatggccatgctgacctccgcccctcggtggggactgccctgcct'... 'gggacaggggccccagctggttttcccctgtg']; %----------------------------------------------- n = length(dna); phat = sum( dna == 'a')/n;